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Math Puzzle: Fill the Polygon

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Math Puzzle: Fill the Polygon


Graphic shows a row of shapes, each labeled with a number, as follows: triangle (10), square (17), pentagon (28), hexagon (41), seven-sided polygon (58), eight-sided polygon (77), nine-sided polygon (100). The last shape, a 10-sided polygon, is labeled with a question mark.

What number should replace the question mark?

The number 129 replaces the question mark. The key is the sequence of prime numbers:

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, …

The number in each polygon with n sides is the sum of the first n prime numbers’ values.

Graphic shows the triangle labeled 10 with the numbers 2, 3 and 5 added along its sides, and the square labeled 17 with the numbers 2, 3, 5 and 7 added along its sides.

The following applies to the decagon:

Graphic shows the 10-sided polygon labeled 129 with the numbers 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23 and 29 added along its sides.

We’d love to hear from you! E-mail us at games@sciam.com to share your experience.

This puzzle originally appeared in Spektrum der Wissenschaft and was reproduced with permission.

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